Deck Refinishing

It's all in the details...

In October of 2011, I was awarded this deck refinishing project. The deck and the balcony were initially finished with a solid color stain. It's been a few years since then. The deck has been well maintained. However, after being subjected to a severe hail storm, the stain started peeling on decking and handrails.

The unique feature of this deck is a soffit-like drain system installed by homeowners to prevent rainwater from dripping on the patio underneath. The system covers most of the joists, but some openings expose parts of the ledger -

and supporting beams -

The balcony does not have a defined ledger, but there are siding boards between the joists -

Some other intricacies will require a lot of attention and patience.

Let's begin...

The first step is pressure washing. Water removes most of the loose stain and dirt.

I let the deck dry for a while before getting back to it...

Here is what I see a few days later:

As I expected, the edges of the old stain are lifted, and the fiber of the exposed substrate is raised. I inspect all the surfaces and do not see any signs of rot. That's good - no need for any replacements.

Sanding is next...

I employ two electrical sanders: a dual action orbital for horizontal surfaces and a pad sander for spindles and fascia boards. I switch between 60, 80, and 100 grit sandpaper, depending on how rough the surface is. There are quite a few tight spots where sanders do not reach. Those require scraping and sanding by hand. Once all the edges are feathered out, and the exposed wood is splinter-free and feels smooth to the touch, I sweep up the debris and vacuum up the dust.

Now it's time for a fresh coat of stain.

The owners expressed a desire to switch to a different, darker color. We agreed that the decking and handrails should receive two coats of material, while all the other parts would be OK with one coat.

The stain I'm about to start working with is a solid color acrylic stain. It has a much thinner consistency than typical acrylic paint, penetrating deep into the grains. As a result, it's relatively easy to apply, unlike semi-transparent or transparent stains, which are less forgiving to application mishaps such as drips, sags, and lap marks. Besides, those would require complete removal of the previous finish. But I digress...

Initially, I was planning on using a "spray and back-brush"' method on most surfaces, especially spindles, but the forecast called for windy conditions for the next few days, so I decided to abandon that idea and instead proceed with a traditional roller and brush application. I realized that this method would take me a bit longer. Still, on the bright side, there are advantages: no material loss, no waste of time and supplies on bagging half of the house, and no possibility of over-spraying neighbors' homes.

I use a 4-inch roller with a ⅜-inch synthetic nap -

and a stiff, "seasoned" 3-inch brush for the decking boards -

I must push the brush deep between the boards and the grains. This action puts much stress on bristles, so I prefer to spare my fine brushes from the grind.

I can't emphasize enough that stain must be worked into the wood with a brush to ensure even distribution and proper adhesion. You can find this statement being confirmed on every label.

Once the first coat on the decking is done, I switch my setup. I now use a 4-inch foam roller for putting the stain on the spindles and fascia. It allows me to control the release of material better and, if needed, to dab off the excess -

A medium-stiff glide brush does an excellent job for corners and cut-ins -

As I mentioned earlier, the stain is pretty "juicy," so naturally, I have a few drop clothes underneath my work area.

Under the deck, I remove two downspouts from this post to get good access to it -

A short-handled sash brush is the only way to get to spots like this -

To have a result like this -

And like this -

Despite being thin, the stain provides superb coverage. Even with the first coat, the deck is looking pretty good already.

The second coat will further even out irregularities on the handrails and walking surfaces. It will also provide much better resistance to wear and tear.

Before putting my brush and roller back into the stain, I give the handrails a gentle sanding with a 180-grit paper -

I also check a few spots on the decking to ensure no dust or debris.

The second coat goes on quicker. I work it in the same manner -

with a softer sprig brush -

one board at a time -

I'm pleased to see how it forms a smooth, silky film behind me -

The next day I give the whole deck a thorough inspection, touch up all the "holidays," reinstall the downspouts and check the surroundings.

I recommend that my clients give their "new" deck adequate time to cure up before putting back their grill and furniture.

And here it is - all done!

SIX years later…

I am back at the clients' request in November of 2017. And this is what the deck looks like:

There are obvious signs of wear, such as fading and minor substrate exposure, but overall most surfaces are in good shape. There is no rot or significant wood deterioration, except for a few new surface checks due to aging:

It is best to refinish the decking, treads, rail caps, and fascia. The spindles and posts will be just fine for another couple of years after a few minor touch-ups.

I will spare you from detailed documentation this time since the preparation process is practically the same. This is the surface that is ready for staining:

As previously, two thin coats of stain are applied to ensure uniform appearance and longevity:

Will the stain last for another 6 years? Time will tell. But I would have no reservations about betting on it.